Chemical Engineering
Process_5_Modelling Assignment_2021 Page 1 of 4
SHC4032 Process Control Coursework: Modelling and Systems Analysis Assignment
Present all equations, substitutions and place a box around the final answer, where
applicable.
1. A model for a batch reactor has been derived as follows:
ππ¦
ππ‘ = (πΌπ·5)π¦ β (πΌπ·6)π¦2
ππ₯
ππ‘ = (πΌπ·7)π¦
where the initial values of x and y are 0 and 0.03, respectively.
Using MS Excel, determine y(1) using the following:
a) Eulerβs method
b) Fourth Order Runge Kutta method
2. The following chemical reaction takes place in a CSTR:
π΄
π1
β
π2
π΅
π3
β
π4
πΆ
where the rate constants are as follows:
k1 = (ID4) minβ1 k2 = (ID5) minβ1
k3 = (ID6) minβ1 k4 = (ID7) minβ1
Determine the following:
a) Rate expressions for components A, B and C.
b) Final steady state concentrations of Component B and C using the Euler
method.
Process_5_Modelling Assignment_2021 Page 2 of 4
3. Determine π¦(2) from the following 2nd order differential equation:
π2π¦
ππ‘2 + ππ¦
ππ‘ + π¦ = (πΌπ·7)
where π¦(0) = π¦β²(0) = 0. Use:
a) Euler method
b) Fourth Order Runge Kutta method
4. (Bequette, 2003) Use the initial and final value theorems to determine the initial and
final values of the process output for a unit step input change for the following
transfer functions:
a) 5π +12
7π +4
b) (7π 2+4π +2)(6π +4)
(4π 2+4π +1)(16π 2+4π +1)
c) 4π 2+2π +1
8π 2+4π +0.5
5. (Bequette, 2003) Derive the closed loop transfer function between L(s)and Y(s) for
the following control block diagram (this is known as a feed forward / feedback
controller).
Figure 0-1 Feedforward / Feedback Control Loop
a) Describe how you would be able to check for stability for this closed loop system.
b) Will the stability of this system be any different than that of the standard feedback
system? Why?
Process_5_Modelling Assignment_2021 Page 3 of 4
6. (Bequette, 2003) A process has the following transfer function:
πΊπ(π ) = 2(β3π + 1)
(5π + 1)
a) Using a P-controller, find the range of the controller gain that will yield a stable
closed loop system.
b) Simulate the process with the P controller to confirm the range of stability as
determined in part (a).
7. Consider the open-loop unstable process transfer function:
πΊπ(π ) = 1
(π + 2)(π β 1)
a) Find the range of KC for a P-only controller that will stabilize this process.
b) As it turns out, πΎπΆ = 4 will yield a stable closed-loop (does this match with your
answer in part (a)?). Typically, there is a measurement lag in the feedback loop.
Assuming a first-order lag on the measurement, find the maximum measurement
time constant which is allowed before the system (with πΎπΆ = 4) is destabilized.
c) Confirm all of your calculations with the system reproduced using
MATLAB/Simulink. Print out your results.
8. A PI controller is used on the following second order process:
πΊπ(π ) = πΎπ
π2π 2 + 2πππ + 1
The process parameters are:
πΎπ = 1, π = 2, π = 0.7
The tuning parameters are:
πΎπΆ = 5, ππΌ = 0.2
a) Determine if the process is closed-loop stable.
b) Reproduce your results using MATLAB/Simulink and print out your results.
Process_5_Modelling Assignment_2021 Page 4 of 4
9. (Marlin, 2000) The process shown below consists of a mixing tank, mixing pipe, and
continuously stirred tank reactor. The following assumptions are applied to the
system:
I. Both tanks are well mixed and have constant volume and temperature.
II. All pipes are short with negligible transportation delay.
III. All flows and densities are constant.
IV. The first tank is a mixing tank.
V. The mixing pipe has no accumulation, and the concentration, CA3, is
constant.
VI. The second tank, CSTR, with π΄ β πππππ’ππ‘π , and ππ΄ = βππ΄πΆπ΄
3 2β .Mixing
Point
q1
CA0
q2
CA2
q3
CA3
q4
CA4
q5
CA5
V1
V2
Mixing
Tank
CSTR
Figure 0-2 Mixing tank, mixing pipe, and CSTR Process
a. Derive a linearized model relating πΆπ΄2
β² (π‘) to πΆπ΄0
β² (π‘).
b. Derive a linearized model relating πΆπ΄4
β² (π‘) to πΆπ΄2
β² (π‘).
c. Derive a linearized model relating πΆπ΄5
β² (π‘) to πΆπ΄4
β² (π‘).
d. Combine the models in (a) to (c) into one equation πΆπ΄5
β² (π‘) to πΆπ΄0
β² (π‘) using
Laplace transforms.
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