A clinical trial is performed to evaluate the impact of a new drug therapy for prevention of…

A clinical trial is performed to evaluate the impact of a new drug therapy for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with stage 2 or 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD). Three hundred patients are randomized to receive either the new drug therapy in combination with standard care versus standard care alone. After analyzing the trial data, the number needed to treat (NNT) is calculated to be 5. Which of the following statements regarding interpretation of the NNT in this study is most correct? A. The relative risk reduction in CIN associated with receiving the new therapy is 0

A clinical trial is performed to evaluate the impact of a new drug therapy for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with stage 2 or 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD). Three hundred patients are randomized to receive either the new drug therapy in combination with standard care versus standard care alone. After analyzing the trial data, the number needed to treat (NNT) is calculated to be 5. Which of the following statements regarding interpretation of the NNT in this study is most correct? A. The relative risk reduction in CIN associated with receiving the new therapy is 0.1. B. For every 5 patients receiving the new therapy, CIN will be prevented in one additional patient as compared with standard therapy alone. C. The new therapy is five times more effective in preventing CIN than standard therapy. D. The new therapy is more effective than an alternative prevention of CIN in patients with stage 4 CKD with an NNT of 15.

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