Nursing 212 Endocrine system (100 Questions) with Answers Graded A.

prescription? 1.Endotracheal intubation 2.100 units of NPH insulin 3.Intravenous infusion of normal saline 4.Intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate Intravenous infusion of normal saline Question 2 A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the emergency department. Which findings support this diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1.Increase in pH 2.Comatose state 3.Deep, rapid breathing 4.Decreased urine output 5.Elevated blood glucose level Question 3 The nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus about differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that a form of glucose should be taken if which symptom or symptoms develop? Select all that apply. 1.Polyuria 2.Shakiness 3.Palpitations 4.Blurred vision 5.Lightheadedness 6.Fruity breath odor Question 4 A client with diabetes mellitus demonstrates acute anxiety when admitted to the hospital for the treatment of hyperglycemia. What is the appropriate intervention to decrease the client’s anxiety? 1.Administer a sedative. 2.Convey empathy, trust, and respect toward the client. 3.Ignore the signs and symptoms of anxiety, anticipating that they will soon disappear. 4.Make sure that the client is familiar with the correct medical terms to promote understanding of what is happening. Question 5 The nurse provides instructions to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes accurate understanding of measures to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis when the client makes which statement? 1.I will stop taking my insulin if I’m too sick to eat. 2.I will decrease my insulin dose during times of illness. 3.I will adjust my insulin dose according to the level of glucose in my urine. 4.I will notify my health care provider (HCP) if my blood glucose level is higher than 250 mg/dL (14.2 mmol/L). Question 6 A client is admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The initial blood glucose level is 950 mg/dL (54.2 mmol/L). A continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of short-acting insulin is initiated, along with IV rehydration with normal saline. The serum glucose level is now decreased to 240 mg/dL (13.7 mmol/L). The nurse would next prepare to administer which medication? 1.An ampule of 50% dextrose 2.NPH insulin subcutaneously 3.IV fluids containing dextrose 4.Phenytoin for the prevention of seizures Question 7 The nurse is monitoring a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which sign or symptom, if exhibited in the client, indicates that the client is at risk for chronic complications of diabetes if the blood glucose is not adequately managed? 1.Polyuria 2.Diaphoresis 3.Pedal edema 4.Decreased respiratory rate Question 8 The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with diabetes mellitus who has hyperglycemia. The nurse places priority on which client problem? 1.Lack of knowledge 2.Inadequate fluid volume 3.Compromised family coping 4.Inadequate consumption of nutrients Question 9 The home health nurse visits a client with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client relates a history of vomiting and diarrhea and tells the nurse that no food has been consumed for the last 24 hours. Which additional statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? 1.I need to stop my insulin. 2.I need to increase my fluid intake. 3.I need to monitor my blood glucose every 3 to 4 hours. 4.I need to call the health care provider (HCP) because of these symptoms. Question 10 The nurse is caring for a client after hypophysectomy and notes clear nasal drainage from the client’s nostril. The nurse should take which initial action? 1.Lower the head of the bed. 2.Test the drainage for glucose. 3.Obtain a culture of the drainage. 4.Continue to observe the drainage. Question 11 The nurse is admitting a client who is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and has serum sodium of 118 mEq/L (118 mmol/L). Which health care provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate receiving? Select all that apply. 1.Initiate an infusion of 3% NaCl. 2.Administer intravenous furosemide. 3.Restrict fluids to 800 mL over 24 hours. 4.Elevate the head of the bed to high Fowler’s. 5.Administer a vasopressin antagonist as prescribed. Question 12 A client is admitted to an emergency department, and a diagnosis of myxedema coma is made. Which action should the nurse prepare to carry out initially? 1.Warm the client. 2.Maintain a patent airway. 3.Administer thyroid hormone. 4.Administer fluid replacement. Question 13 The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the emergency department with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In the acute phase, the nurse plans for which priority intervention? 1.Correct the acidosis. 2.Administer 5% dextrose intravenously. 3.Apply a monitor for an electrocardiogram. 4.Administer short-duration insulin intravenously. Question 14 A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus calls the nurse to report recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia with exercising. Which statement by the client indicates an adequate understanding of the peak action of NPH insulin and exercise? 1.I should not exercise since I am taking insulin.” 2.The best time for me to exercise is after breakfast.” 3.The best time for me to exercise is mid- to late afternoon.” 4.NPH is a basal insulin, so I should exercise in the evening.” Question 15 The nurse is completing an assessment on a client who is being admitted for a diagnostic workup for primary hyperparathyroidism. Which client complaint would be characteristic of this disorder? Select all that apply. 1.Polyuria 2.Headache 3.Bone pain 4.Nervousness 5.Weight gain Question 16 The nurse is teaching a client with hyperparathyroidism how to manage the condition at home. Which response by the client indicates the need for additional teaching? 1.I should limit my fluids to 1 liter per day.” 2.I should use my treadmill or go for walks daily.” 3.I should follow a moderate-calcium, high-fiber diet.” 4.My alendronate helps to keep calcium from coming out of my bones.” Question 17 A client with a diagnosis of Addisonian crisis is being admitted to the intensive care unit. Which findings will the interprofessional health care team focus on? Select all that apply. 1.Hypotension 2.Leukocytosis 3.Hyperkalemia 4.Hypercalcemia 5.Hypernatremia Question 18 The nurse is monitoring a client who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and is being treated with NPH and regular insulin. Which manifestations would alert the nurse to the presence of a possible hypoglycemic reaction? Select all that apply. 1.Tremors 2.Anorexia 3.Irritability 4.Nervousness 5.Hot, dry skin 6.Muscle cramps Question 19 The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with pheochromocytoma. Which assessment data would indicate a potential complication associated with this disorder? 1.A urinary output of 50 mL/hour 2.A coagulation time of 5 minutes 3.A heart rate that is 90 beats/minute and irregular 4.A blood urea nitrogen level of 20 mg/dL (7.1 mmol/L) Question 20 The nurse is monitoring a client diagnosed with acromegaly who was treated with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and is recovering in the intensive care unit. Which findings should alert the nurse to the presence of a possible postoperative complication? Select all that apply. 1.Anxiety 2.Leukocytosis 3.Chvostek’s sign 4.Urinary output of 800 mL/hour 5.Clear drainage on nasal dripper pad Question 21 The nurse performs a physical assessment on a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Findings include a fasting blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.8 mmol/L), temperature of 101F (38.3C), pulse of 102 beats/minute, respirations of 22 breaths/minute, and blood pressure of 142/72 mm Hg. Which finding would be the priority concern to the nurse? 1.Pulse 2.Respiration 3.Temperature 4.Blood pressure Question 22 The nurse is preparing a client with a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism for discharge. The nurse determines that the client understands discharge instructions if the client states that which signs and symptoms are associated with this diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1.Tremors 2.Weight loss 3.Feeling cold 4.Loss of body hair 5.Persistent lethargy 6.Puffiness of the face Question 23 A client has just been admitted to the nursing unit following thyroidectomy. Which assessment is the priority for this client? 1.Hypoglycemia 2.Level of hoarseness 3.Respiratory distress 4.Edema at the surgical site Question 24 A client has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The nurse monitors for which signs and symptoms indicating a complication of this disorder? Select all that apply. 1.Fever 2.Nausea 3.Lethargy 4.Tremors 5.Confusion 6.Bradycardia Question 25 The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The preoperative teaching instructions should include which statement? 1.Your hair will need to be shaved.” 2.You will receive spinal anesthesia.” 3.You will need to ambulate after surgery.” 4.Brushing your teeth needs to be avoided for at least 2 weeks after surgery.” Question 26 The nurse should include which interventions in the plan of care for a client with hypothyroidism? Select all that apply. 1.Provide a cool environment for the client. 2.Instruct the client to consume a high-fat diet. 3.Instruct the client about thyroid replacement therapy. 4.Encourage the client to consume fluids and high-fiber foods in the diet. 5.Inform the client that iodine preparations will be prescribed to treat the disorder. 6.Instruct the client to contact the health care provider (HCP) if episodes of chest pain occur. Question 27 A client with Cushing’s syndrome verbalizes concern to the nurse regarding the appearance of the buffalo hump that has developed. Which statement should the nurse make to the client? 1.Don’t be concerned; this problem can be covered with clothing.” 2.Usually these physical changes slowly improve following treatment.” 3.This is permanent, but looks are deceiving and are not that important.” 4.Try not to worry about it; there are other things to be concerned about.” Question 28 The nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy. The nurse notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed for which purpose? 1.To treat thyroid storm 2.To prevent cardiac irritability 3.To treat hypocalcemic tetany 4.To stimulate release of parathyroid hormone To treat hypocalcemic tetany Question 29 A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is to begin an exercise program, and the nurse is providing instructions regarding the program. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan? 1.Try to exercise before mealtimes. 2.Administer insulin after exercising. 3.Take a blood glucose test before exercising. 4.Exercise is best performed during peak times of insulin. Question 30 The nurse should include which interventions in the plan of care for a client with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply. 1.Provide a warm environment for the client. 2.Instruct the client to consume a low-fat diet. 3.A thyroid-releasing inhibitor will be prescribed. 4.Encourage the client to consume a well-balanced diet. 5.Instruct the client that thyroid replacement therapy will be needed. 6.Instruct the client that episodes of chest pain are expected to occur. Question 31 A client with diabetes mellitus is being discharged following treatment for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS) precipitated by acute illness. The client tells the nurse, “I will call the health care provider (HCP) the next time I can’t eat for more than a day or so.” Which statement reflects the most appropriate analysis of this client’s level of knowledge? 1.The client needs immediate education before discharge. 2.The client requires follow-up teaching regarding the admin [Show less]