Regarding von Willebrand disease (vWD) i. Outline the pathophysiology of the disease.

4. Answer all parts of this question:a) Regarding von Willebrand disease (vWD):i. Outline the pathophysiology of the disease. (4 marks)ii. Briefly explain how the disease is classified. List at least two (2) dogbreeds predisposed to each type of vWD. (4 marks)iii. State the typical pattern of bleeding for dogs with vWD. (1 mark)iv. Name the definitive diagnostic test for vWD. (1 mark)v. Identify the pharmacologic therapy that can be used for dogs withvWD and briefly explain how is it used. (2 marks)vi. Name the blood component that is most efficient for the treatment ofvWD and explain how it is made. (2 marks)b) Regarding haemophilia A:i. State the aetiology of the disease. (2 marks)ii. Briefly explain how the disease is classified. (2 marks)iii. State the typical pattern of bleeding for dogs with haemophilia A.(2 marks)iv. Name the definitive diagnostic test for haemophilia A. (1 mark)c) Regarding Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia:i. Outline the pathophysiology of the disease. (2 marks)ii. List one (1) dog breed predisposed to Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia.(1 mark)iii. State the typical pattern of bleeding for dogs with Glanzmann’s.(1 mark)iv. Name the definitive diagnostic test for Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia.(1 mark)Question 4 continued over pageVeterinary Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Paper 2 Page 7 of 7© 2016 The Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists ABN 00 50 000894 208d) Regarding acute traumatic coagulopathy:i. Describe the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the disease inhuman patients. (9 marks)ii. Discuss the prevailing clinical approach to treating acute traumaticcoagulopathy in human medicine, including consideration of evidencefor the use of antifibrinolytic drugs. (6 marks)iii. Summarise the evidence regarding the potential existence of acutetraumatic coagulopathy in veterinary patients. (7 marks)5. A two-year-old male neutered cat is presented for evaluation of a two-day history oflethargy and inappetence. Screening laboratory tests reveal marked azotaemia andisosthenuria with inactive urine sediment, prompting a diagnosis of acute kidneyinjury (AKI).Answer all parts of this question:a) List at least four (4) broad categories of possible underlyingconditions/aetiologies for AKI in this cat, and give examples under eachcategory to include at least ten (10) specific examples. (7 marks)b) Describe the pathophysiology of AKI. (10 marks)c) Compare and contrast two (2) grading schemes for AKI that are used in humanmedicine. (10 marks)d) Compare and contrast two (2) grading schemes for AKI that are specificallydescribed in veterinary patients. (8 marks)e) Define the term biomarker and identify two (2) novel urinary biomarkers thathave been evaluated in veterinary patients. (3 marks)f) During hospitalisation, the cat’s urine output drops precipitously. Describe atleast three (3) pharmacologic interventions that could be used to improve urineoutput. Include specific mechanism of action for each drug and potential adverseeffects. (10 marks)

“Custom Writers 24/7” We have the Best Writers in the industry